Special pathogens, including viral hemorrhagic fevers, present unique public health concerns as they are highly infectious, contagious, and can be fatal. Special pathogens may result in high cost to individuals, healthcare systems, and society in general.
Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers (VHFs) are a group of diseases caused by several distinct families of viruses. The term “viral hemorrhagic fever” refers to a condition that affects many organ systems of the body, damages the overall cardiovascular system, and reduces the body’s ability to function on its own. Specific VHFs, such as Ebola virus disease (EVD) and Marburg virus disease (MVD) are rare, but serious, viral diseases that often cause fevers, headaches, diarrhea, vomiting, stomach pain, weakness, muscle pain, and unexplained bleeding or bruising. Some VHFs cause relatively mild illness, while others can cause severe, life threatening disease. Most VHFs have no known cure or vaccine.
Hospitals should use the “identify, isolate, inform" strategy during VHF outbreaks.
Call the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment:
303-692-2700 or 303-370-9395 (after hours)
Information for the Public
Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers (VHF)
Ebola Virus Disease (EVD)
- Learn about Ebola (CDC)
- Ebola Virus Disease (WHO)
- Health Alert Network Advisory: Update on Ebola virus disease (Sudan ebolavirus) outbreak in Central Uganda, January 20, 2023 (CDPHE)
Marburg Virus Disease (MVD)
- Learn about Marburg (CDC)
- Marburg Virus Disease (WHO)
- 2024 Marburg Health Alert Network (HAN) Advisory (CDPHE)
- 2024 Marburg Outbreak - Rwanda (CDC)
- 2024 Marburg Health Alert Network (HAN) Advisory (CDC)
- 2023 Marburg Outbreak - Equatorial Guinea (CDC)
- 2023 Marburg Outbreak - Tanzania (CDC)
Information for Healthcare Professionals
- VHF Frontline Hospital Preparedness Webinar Recording 3-4-24 (CDPHE & DHHA) - Passcode: U8vN50h!
- VHF Frontline Hospital Preparedness Webinar Slides 3-4-24 (CDPHE & DHHA)
- VHF Frontline Hospital Preparedness Interactive Training Module (CDPHE)
- VHF/Ebola Toolkit for Frontline Hospitals (CDPHE)
- Guide for Clinicians Evaluating an Ill Person for VHF or Other High-Consequence Disease (CDC)
- Clinical Screening and Diagnosis for VHFs (CDC)
- Guidance for Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) During Management of Patients with Selected VHF in U.S. Hospitals (CDC)
- How Ebola Disease Spreads (CDC)
- Infection Prevention and Control Recommendations for Patients in U.S. Hospitals who are Suspected or Confirmed to have Selected Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers (VHF) (CDC)
- Laboratory Testing (CDC)
- I’m a Frontline Facility – How Can I Safely Test Clinical Specimens From a Suspected Ebola Patient? (CDC)
Preparing Hospitals for VHFs and Special Pathogens
- Preparing Health Care Workers for Special Pathogen Events (NETEC)
- VHF/Ebola Toolkit for Frontline Hospitals (CDPHE)
- VHF Frontline Hospital Preparedness Interactive Training Module (CDPHE)
- VHF Frontline Hospital Preparedness Webinar Recording 3-4-24 (CDPHE & DHHA) - Passcode: U8vN50h!
- VHF Frontline Hospital Preparedness Webinar Slides 3-4-24 (CDPHE & DHHA)
- Special Pathogen TableTop Exercise Template (CDPHE)
- Facilitators' Guide (CDPHE)
- Special Pathogen Post TTX Survey (CDPHE)
- Behavioral Health Considerations for Patients and Healthcare Workers